Chapter 12
DIGERA TYPES Early photography owes its origin to the discovery of the daguerreotype. A plate made of thin copper or other metal was covered with a silver preparation. This was placed directly in the camera and there was no method of transfer, as there is from the ordinary photographic plate, from which innumerable prints may be taken. It went out of common use with the invention of the photographic plates and paper, and with the
discovery of instantaneous photography. The taking of the daguerreotype required long exposure, which was decidedly objectionable, and the result was coarse and tame. After taking, the daguerreotype passed through acid solutions for the development and permanency of the picture. Damage by lightning. Statistics vary, but considerably more than 6,000 buildings are injured by lightning every year, causing a loss of about $3 million. About 700 people are
killed every year, and more than 800 are injured. It is said that lightning kills between 4,000 and 5,000 domestic animals a year, valued at about $130,000. Deaf and dumb. About 90,000 of the inhabitants of the United States are deaf and dumb, more than half of that number being born with this affliction. Of this number, about 47,000 are males and somewhat over 43,000 females. Deeds. A deed is an instrument in writing, conveying real estate, with or without buildings upon it,
from one party to another. All deeds should be registered. Printed forms, to be filled out, are for sale at stationers. It is better to employ a good lawyer or conveyancer. Dictionaries. Probably the first dictionary was produced in China and was said to contain 40,000 characters. In the 15th and 16th centuries, encyclopedias were published. The first authoritative dictionary was in Latin and was translated into eight languages about
the year 1500. Chambers' Encyclopedia was published in 1728 and Johnson's famous English dictionary in 1755. Webster's American Dictionary was first issued in 1828. Digestibility of foods. Apples, sweet, raw, 1 hour 30 minutes. Asparagus, boiled, 1 hour 30 minutes. Beans, boiled, 2 hours 30 minutes. Lean beef, roasted, 3 hours. Fresh salted beef, boiled, 2 hours 45 minutes. Old salted beef, boiled, 6 hours. Beets, boiled, 3 hours 45 minutes. Bread, fresh, 3 hours 30 minutes.
Cabbage, pickled, 4 hours 30 minutes. Celery, boiled, 1 hour 30 minutes. Chicken, boiled, 2 hours. Chicken, roasted, 4 hours. Cheese, old, 3 hours 30 minutes. Duck, roasted, 2 hours. Eggs, raw, 2 hours. Eggs, soft, boiled, 3 hours. Eggs, hard, boiled, 4 hours. Fish, boiled, 1 hour 30 minutes. Fish, fried, 3 hours. Game, most kinds, roasted, 4 hours 15 minutes. Liver, calves, fried, 2 hours 30 minutes. Lamb, grilled, 2 hours 30 minutes. Milk, raw, 3 hours 15 minutes. Milk, boiled, 2 hours.
Mutton, boiled and broiled, 3 hours. Nuts, 5 hours. Oysters, raw, 2 hours 55 minutes. Oyster stewed, 3 hours 30 minutes. Onion stewed, 3 hours 30 minutes. Pork, fat, roasted, 5 hours 15 minutes. Pork, salt, boiled, 3 hours 15 minutes. Potatoes, fried or baked, 2 hours 30 minutes. Rice, boiled, 1 hour. Sausage, grilled, 3 hours 30 minutes. Tripe, boiled, 1 hour. Trout, boiled, 1 hour 30 minutes. Turkey, roasted, 2 hours 30 minutes. Veal, roast or grilled, 5 hours.
End of section 12.
