menu_book Chapter 23

Section 23 of Genetic Studies of Genius, Volume 2. The Early Mental Traits of 300 Geniuses by Catherine Cox. For more information to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org, recorded by Leon Harvey. Chapter 17. Cases rated at AIIQ 130-140, Part 4. Sir Thomas More, 1478-1535, an English statesman and author. AIIQ 135

AIIIQ 135 1. Family standing. More's father, a judge of the court of common pleas, later transferred to the king's bench, is described as courteous, affable, gentle, merciful, just, and uncorrupted. The author's mother was the daughter of a London sheriff.

2. Development to age 17. 1. Interests Moore was fond of music and learned to play on the viol and the flute. When he was in his teens at Canterbury, he would suddenly step in among the players and make up a part of his own, which made the onlookers more sport than all the players beside.

At Oxford he says, I loved and thought of nothing but my studies. 2. Education Thomas was brought up in the Latin tongue at St Anthony's in London, where he had an excellent master, Holt, the author of a Latin grammar. At twelve or thirteen he was placed in the household of Cardinal Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, and there with other sons of the gentry he attended school and learned good reading.

The Cardinal was so delighted with the boy's wit and learning that he placed him in Oxford, and here for nearly two years he came under the influence of the famous Thomas Linacre of the Croson, the first scholar who brought Greek letters into England and publicly taught them in Oxford. Besides Greek and Latin, Morel learned French, arithmetic and geometry, and was proficient in rhetoric, logic and philosophy. At 16 he entered New inn as a law student. 3. School Standing and Progress The Cardinal used to say of Thomas, when he was about 13, that he would prove a marvellous man.

For the short time he was at Oxford, he profited wonderfully in the Latin and Greek tongues, and made a great proficiency in the academic studies. 4. Friends and Associates No definite record is found except of his excellent teachers who exerted a great influence upon him. 5. Reading It is said that Moore read every book of history that he could procure.

6. Production and achievement Moore early distinguished himself by the composition of poems in Latin and English, and he tried his hand at little comedies. The dates of these are disputed, but they appear to belong to an early period. He also planned nine pagents to be executed in tapestry or painting to represent the history of a human soul, and for these he wrote appropriate mottos and verse.

7. Evidences of Vecocity. No further record. AI IQ 135, with a coefficient of data 0.53. 3. Development from 17 to 26. Moore was admitted to attain onus as a student at Lincoln's Inn, and was accounted a worthy utter barrister in a remarkably short time.

At 22 he was admitted to the bar. At 20 his long friendship with Erasmus, 10 years his senior, began. His legal studies did not prevent him from following his literary bent. At 22 or 23 he lectured on St Augustine's City of God, and before he was 25 he was appointed for three successive years lecturer at Furnival's Inn.

He had at one time a strong desire to join the Carthusian priesthood, and at another he thought of becoming a Francician. AIIQ 135 Relative Coaching of Data 0.53 Napoleon Bonaparte 1769-1821 Emperor of the French AIIQ 135 AIIQ 140

1. Family Standing The Bonaparte family was ancient and honourable, and for many generations his members held prominent places in the social and political life of Corsica. Napoleon's father was a lawyer of moderate gifts and ambition, although inclined to frivolity and somewhat ill-balanced. The mother was of hardy peasant stock, with a firm will and a strong hand, courageous and energetic.

2. Development to age 17 1. Interests When a very little boy, solitary play in a cave attracted Napoleon more than social games. But he was not entirely on social, for his first love affair occurred when he was five. Napoleon is said to have preferred playing with little tin soldiers to any other game,

and the passion for things military, thus early apparent, continued to manifest itself. A little later he organised and led the village boys against the shepherd boys, and soon was a knowledge leader of the former. At 14 he became campaign leader of the school boys in their snow fighting, and a little later, while attending the military college at Paris,

he spent his three hours studying tactics and planning battles. Soon after he was eight years old, Napoleon began to show interest in history and mathematics, so that he was called by the sisters who taught him the little mathematician. He began to work out problems in applied mathematics. At Bray and his interest was in history, geography and mathematics.

His enthusiasm for his homeland, Corsica, often excited the annoyance or even the hatred of his French companions. From being a loyal Corsican, he became a French revolutionary, and even during his school days in Paris, he began to invade against the government. 2. Education At home and before he was five, Napoleon had been taught his letters and a little more.

His first school was a school for girls, to which his mother sent him in the hope that his tempestuous nature might there be subdued. He attended two more schools before he was eight. His fourth school, the College of Aton in Paris, gave the young iconoclast a half-view in training in French and some preparation for the military college at Brienne, which he attended from his tenth to his sixteenth year. He enjoyed at the same time some training in polite manners from a lady in the town who became interested in him. At 15, Napoleon was selected as one of the five boys to attend the military college in Paris.

One of the others was his own age. The other three were a year younger. During the years in the Paris college, Napoleon, aged 15 to 17, made little progress. But at 16, he was able to pass the examination for graduation. Bonaparte's real training as an officer began after he received his commission. and now beside attending classes in science and military tactics, he took lessons in dancing and deportment.

3. School standing on progress. Napoleon never learned to spell correctly. His pronunciation of French was often peculiar, and his penmanship abominable, but he learned quickly and, at our turn, he was recognised as an able student. Repetition always irked him.

At Breon, he was soon known for his thirst for knowledge, and for his superior powers as well as for his awkward speech. But it was only in the exact sciences and in content subjects that he excelled. His Latin and German were poor, while in mathematics he held the first place, and even as early as his twelfth year, he was chosen to exhibit his work in geography. His professor of literature said his rhetoric was granite-heated by a volcano.

He would go far if circumstances favour, would an instructor on the back of a school exercise? Professors of history and mathematics thought well of him, and the young man's general capacity was rated high by the beer inspector, who recommended him for naval training. At 16, after passing his examination, he received this certificate. Reserved and laborious, he is more fond of study than of any pleasure, likes to read good authors, very diligent in abstract sciences, little inquiring to others. He knows thoroughly mathematics and geography, silent, loves solitude, obstinate, haughty, exceptionally given to egoism, talks little, is energetic in his answers, prompt inaction, and severely emitting opposition, has much self-esteem, is ambitious and striving for all things.

This young man is worthy of being favoured. But he passed from school without distinction as 42nd in rank. 4. Friends and Associates In Corsica, Napoleon was somewhat social for his tastes. In France, he was entirely solitary. He had few school friends, and none of these was distinguished.

His teachers were men who could see his good points, as well as his all-too-prominent faults. 5. Reading A brilliant Napoleon, aged 10-17, began to read voraciously, especially during play hours. He was interested in works of history, Polybius, Plutarch, and the like. He spent hours over the Atlas.

At twelve he read Jerusalem Delivered and at fifteen Homer. After his appointment as lieutenant at sixteen, he devoted his many leisure hours to wide reading. He began to study novels and to try his hand at writing them. 6. Production and Achievement A letter written by Napoleon at fourteen contains a remarkable characterisation of his brother, Joseph.

At sixteen Napoleon showed his talent for rhetoric by a stirring rhodomontade, full of youthful patriotism and composed in honour of Peioli's birthday. Napoleon's professional progress is marked by his commission as second lieutenant at the age of 16. 8. Evidences of Precocity Because of the ill-shapen appearance of his head in infancy, it is said that he was the member of the family of whom greatness was least to be prognosticated.

But Napoleon's uncle was said only a little later, Joseph is the eldest of the family, but Napoleon is its head. AI IQ 135, Relative Coverage of Data 0.60 3. Development from 17 and 26 At 17, Napoleon's ambition was to be a writer. He commenced the history of Corsica and sent it for criticism to Abe Renel.

Although teeming with faults, it contained, nevertheless, the germ of something good, and the Abe advised rewriting after further research. At this time, Napoleon was engaged in reading the philosophers Rousseau, Adam Smith and Fultier, the classics Herodotus and Stronenberg. books concerning the glittering East, England and Germany.

From these works, he turned to French history, examining its minutest details of revenue, resources and institutions. Ill health, together with the wretched financial condition of his family, induced a state of despondency, as soon Napoleon began to hope for a political upheaval

that might change the general condition of things. His illness forced him repeatedly to take leave of absence. At 21, he became a member of a revolutionary club, holding the views of Renault. It was at this period that he was described as self-reliant and secretive,

ambitious and calculating, masterful but kindly. In spite of his repeated absences, Napoleon was promoted just before his 22nd birthday to the rank of first lieutenant of artillery, but now he began to be known for his political views

and was consequently disliked by his colonel. At 22, the young officer was again on leave in Corsica, who he planned to help the organisation of the National Guard, and having determined to be his commander. he succeeded in winning the position against the Great Assaults.

He was enthusiastic for the cause of liberty. Less than a year later he was dismissed from the army for overstaying leave, but he was reinstated almost immediately with the rank of captain. He returned to Corsica after the failure of a French expedition in which he had taken part. But when the consulate severed connection with France and denounced the Bonapartes by name,

Napoleon and his family were obliged to flee. Captain Bonaparte now decided to throw in his lot with the French Republic, and at the age of 24 he was in command of a battery before Toulon. After a period in which he was unable to succeed because of the inefficiency of the higher command, Napoleon was able, under Ducamayre's able generalship, to distinguish himself for his scientific method, intelligence and bravery. His unusual ability was recognized. He was nominated General of the Brigade,

and at 24.5 he received his commission and was assigned to the Army of Italy, where he favoured a vigorous offensive. At 25 he was in command of an unsuccessful expedition against Corsica. Thereafter he was ordered to a command in La Fertighe, where he continued his military studies until shortly afterward,

aged 25.75, he was ordered to join the Army of the West. AII IQ 140, Related Coastal Data 0.75 William Penn, 1644-1718, an English friend, founder of Pennsylvania, AIIQ-135, AIIIQ-150, one family standing. Penn's remote ancestors were peace-loving English squires, but his immediate forebears were seafaring adventurers of some note. His father, the Admiral, who served as one time as Governor of Kinsale, commanded two successful British campaigns.

One against the Spaniards, the other against the Dutch. He was a man of great ability and some religious perception. The mother's father was a Rotterdam merchant, probably of Anglo-Irish descent. 2. Development to age 17 1. Interests

Before he was 11, Pena received some of those serious impressions that preserved his youth in purity and awakened Pia's desires in his mind. At home, aged 11 to 15, he took an active grown-up interest in the improvements of his father's estate and, as later at Oxford, in athletic activity and competition. At 11, he had his first religious experience.

He heard the preaching of Thomas Lowe, a Quaker, and had seen how impressed were the members of his family and the servants. Soon, time after, while alone in his room, he had a sudden sense of the reality of the existence of God and the possibility of the soul's communion with the Divine Spirit.

From that moment, his heart was comforted, and he believed himself called to a holy life. Before he was 15, he had further impressions of a similar mystic nature. At college, Penn and his friends held religious meetings for exhortation and prayer. But by the way, they draw from the national way of worship,

they brought upon themselves the censure of the college authorities, whose opposition and criticism, however, served only to increase the young student's eye to it. A little later, hearing low again, Penn's religious zeal was yet more strengthened. 2. Indication Until he was 11, William attended the new and famous Puritan grammar school at Shigwell,

then during a time of family disgrace, while his unfortunate father was imprisoned in the Tower for exceeding his orders. Young Penn was removed from school and educated at home under a private tutor. After four years of private instruction, the youth now 15 entered Christ Church, Oxford. Three, school studying in progress. At his first school, Penn gave evidence of promising talents in his private study at home, aged 11-15.

He was diligent at Oxford, he advanced rapidly in learning. Four, friends and associates. At a college, Penn cultivated the acquaintance of those who were most distinguished for talents and virtue. Five, reading a record. Six, production and achievement.

An elegy in Latin verse written to commemorate the death of the king's brother is preserved from William Penn's hand. 7. Evidences of Precocity, no further record AIIQ 135 for Levkoch Data 0.60 3. Development from 17 to 26 While at Oxford, Penn persisted in his unorthodox religious activities, and as a consequence, was expelled aged 18.

He returned home, but here he was thrashed and thrown out of doors by the Admiral, his father, only to be later forgiven and then sent to Paris in the hope that his serious trend of mind might be dissipated. From Paris, Penn found his way to Salmo, where he studied theology and French. Then he travelled in Switzerland and Italy. At 20, he was summoned home by his father to look after the estate, and a year later was sent to Lincoln's Inn to study law.

During this period, he was, according to Pepe's report, a fine person. He was employed by the king to carry dispatches to the admiral, then on active service against the Dutch. When the young man returned from his mission, the plague was raging in London. So he went to Ireland first serving with the Duke of Ormond and later managing his father's estates, aged 21-23.

During this period he came, for a third time, in contact with the Quaker preacher, Lowell, and his religious convictions revived. At 24, in spite of the resulting strained relations with his father, Penn began to preach publicly. He published his first treatise, Truth Exalted, at this time. After the appearance of his next work, Penn was committed to the Tower of Blasphemy, where, during his eight months' imprisonment, he wrote what proved to be the greatest of all his works.

No cross, no crown. In the following year, 1669, his father and his friends obtained his release. He returned to Ireland, there obtained the freedom of the friends who were in jail, and was gladly accepted as their leader. AIIIQ 150, Relief Coastal Data 0.60

Jean-Baptiste Racine, 1639-1699, a celebrated French tragic poet. AIIQ 135, AIIQ 150 1. Family Sterling Racine belonged to a family of the upper Boudreuse, which had strong chansonite leanings. His paternal grandmother headed to Port Royal des Camps.

His father occupied the considerable government office of Contrôleur Angrenère Assel. There was no information concerning his mother, but a maternal aunt, who became abbess of Port Royal, exerted considerable influence upon her nephew. 2. Development to age 17. 1. Interests. Between 12 and 16, Racine was wounded in a fight over the Civil War, then raging on France.

His schoolmaster, however, considered the boy's scar a token of courage. From his 17th year, the young man's enthusiastic interest was in Greek literature. Poetry was his passion, but he was forced to read it by stealth because it was forbidden by the Chinsonites. 2. Education. At an early age, Racine lost both his parents.

Consequently, his childhood until he was 16 was not a happy one. In his early teens, he was taught the first principles of Latin by some worthy and learned divines. From 16 to 19, as one another a small number of chosen pupils at a port royal school, he was instructed in Greek and Latin by excellent masters. 3. School Standing and Progress

At the port royal school, Racine's wonderful memory caused him to make swift progress in Greek and Latin. 4. Friends and Associates The distinguished director of the school, M.D. Sassie, took particular pains with young Racine. Discerning his talents and hoping that he would one day distinguish himself, he took him into his own apartments and gave him the name and treatment of his son.

Racine's masters praised him for his docility and his application. 5. Reading From the age of 16, Racine drank eagerly from the Greek classics, especially from the works of Sophocles and Euripides. But since he was poor, he would afford nothing better.

He read them in the Basile editions without any Latin translation. In after years he would quote whole plays from memory so deep was the impression of these studies. He learned the Greek romance of Theagines and Caraclia by heart. After the sacristan had burned two copies of the book found in his possession. Six, production and achievement.

Sometime between his 16th and 19th year he wrote six odes. Although he wrote Latin verse at this time more successfully than French, he preferred the French language and began a translation which he perfected in latter life of some hymns from the Roman reverie. 7. Evidences of precocity, no further record. AI IQ 135, a little correction to data upon 4.3. 3. Development from 17 to 26.

The directors of the Port Royal School continued to encourage and develop Racine's talents until the youth at 19 left their care to study in the College of Harcourt in Paris. It was at this time that he initiated his career by a sonnet whose character, however, shocked and grieved Port Royal, but an ode written at 21 found favour with the poet Chapulain, at that time ruler of French Parnassus, and his patron Colbert,

who sent Racine 100 louis from the king. At 22, after a period of service on the estate of a relative, Racine visited the benefice of an uncle in Provence. And there, while in doing much solitude, he made notes on theology and on poetry, wrote a poem, The Bath of Venus, and began a play. On his return to Paris, Racine continued to devote his time to writing. Encouraged by Malier's approval of the play started in Provence, Racine, probably the age of 24, wrote La Thabiaide.

At 25, he wrote an ode which pleased the king and gained for its author a pension as well as an introduction to the older and already famous dramatist. After the success of La Thébiade, presented by Molière's troupe, when Racine was 25, the young poet collaborated with Molière in writing Alexandre Le Grand, which was produced the following year. AI IQ 150, will have coached a date at 0.60. William Robertson, 1721-1793 A Scottish historian and clergyman in the Church of Scotland

AIIQ 135, AIIQ 140 1. Family Standing On the paternal side, Robertson was descended from a respectable family of long-standing. His father a Protestant minister, a man of learning, of refined tastes, and some poetical gifts. The mother was a daughter of a citizen of Dreghorn.

2. Development to age 17 1. Interests. It is said of Robertson, when he was between 12 and 20, that he liked to trace and elucidate moral and religious truths and to apply the process of reasoning to everyday subjects. 2. Education. The youth was educated first at a parochial school and later at Dulcith, a seminary renowned for the superiority of its masters, and he was admitted to the University of Edinburgh when he was little more than 12 years old. 3. School standing and progress. His eye-dorous study at the university was such as soon gave indicators of his future eminence.

The instruction of eminent professors increased his enthusiasm for the study of history, classical literature, and philosophy, but mathematics and mechanical speculation left him cold. 4. Friends and Associates Many of Robertson's colleagues rose to high reputation. 5. Reading. No specific record.

6. Production and Achievement. Robertson's notebooks, dated when he was 14 to 16, bear marks of persevering assiduity, unexampled perhaps at so tender an age. He displayed a diligence and laudable ambition for a boy of 10. See also 2.3 7. Evidences of Prococity

See 2, 2, 3 and 6 AI IQ 135, relative caution of data 0.43 3. Development from 17 to 26 At 19, Robertson was licensed to preach, and at 22 he was presented to her living at Gladsmuir. At 24, he assumed the care and education of his orphaned brother and six sisters,

although it must have appeared fatal to prospects of further study. But this added burden was not allowed to interfere with his regular duties. His superior talents, displayed in the unassuming good sense of his conversation, obtained to him the friendship and patronage of various men of rank. When the Revolution of 1945 broke out, Robertson, then 24, cast off his gown and shouldered his musket to join the ranks of volunteers.

But he had already won notice in the service of the church, and at 25, he was elected to the Scottish General Assembly. AIIIQ 140 Relief Corrish of Data 0.43 Maximilien-Marie Isidore Roberts-Pierre, 1758-1794, so named the Incorruptible. A celebrated French Revolutionist. AIIQ-135, AIIQ-145

1. Family Sterning The Robespierre family held a distinguished position in the community, one which they had achieved through worth rather than fortune. Maximilian's father was a successful lawyer in Arras, where according to his son, his talents and integrity had procured for him a large clientele and an independent livelihood. His mother was the daughter of a brewer, an adorned wife and excellent mother who devoted her entire time to the education of her children. 2. Development to age 17

1. Interests A favourite occupation of the Agro-Robin Spears was the construction of small chapels, but his chief delight was in raising birds. When one of his beloved pigeons was lost in a thunderstorm, he was consumed with grief. He had little of a boy's vivacity, and his bilious, melancholy temperament, no less than his condition in life, made him fonder of study than of play. Indeed, so item was he in the study of classical history that his teacher called him the Little Roman.

2. Indication Robin Spear appears to have received his earliest instruction from his mother, but she died when he was nine, and only a little later the father lost his reason and left home. Thus the boy at ten became the actual head of the family. He left his responsibility and became astonishingly serious and reflective. He was entered at the College of Harris by two aunts who had taken charge of the orphaned children,

and two years later at twelve, he received from the Bishop a scholarship to the College of Louis de Grande in Paris, where he remained in attendance until he was twenty. Three, school standing in progress. At ten, Robin Speer entered school, and thanks to unusual intelligence and especially to constant application to his work, he found himself soon after at the head of his class.

He was one of the best pupils of the college, and was largely due to the fact that he received a stipend at the college in Paris. When he was 14 and again when he was 16, his name was included in the honour list. He stated at a later date that the admiration of schoolmates, the praise of professors, and the school records were sufficient proof of his success. Endowed with intelligence enough to be above all were the perseverance in work rarely found in a youth, I was able to gain and keep the first rank in my class. This, he states, was pleasing to him, especially because it gave himself confidence.

Four friends and associates. In Paris, Robenspierre's friends were Desmoulins, Deportes, Duterte, Lebrun, and Souleon. Danton was a schoolmate. Robenspierre became devotedly attached to a canon of Notre-Dame, M.D. Laroche, who took him out of his protection. Five reading, no record.

Six production achievement, C.2, 1, 2, and 3. 7 Evidences of Necursity, C2, 2 and 3 AI IQ 135 Will and Coaches of Data, 0.43 3. Development from 17 to 26

Of Robbins-Pierre's life in Paris little is known, but according to his own account he was admired by his schoolmates and praised by his professors. He was chosen to deliver a speech on one occasion, but his production, although distinguished, was considered too Republican for the purpose of which it was designed. His school career finished. Robin Speer, at 20, began his professional study of law, but he also found time to read poetry and philosophy, especially at Rousseau.

After completing his law studies, he returned at 23 to his home at Arras. Here his professional work brought him some prominence, and his poetical gifts contributed not a little to his advancement. His part in a curious law case made him the foremost lawyer of the town, and for his literary powers he was elected to a society,

poetical in name, but political in nature. In his 25th year he was invited to become a member of the RS Academy, and he accepted the invitation for the reason which he stated thus. I wish that my name should acquire such a popularity among my townsmen, that in the days of social reorganisation their eyes should turn naturally to me, and anything that would help bring this about seemed to me desirable. AIIQ 145 Relicational Data 0.43 Erdem Smith 1723-1790

A Scottish political economist. AIIQ 135, AIIQ 145. 1. Family Standing Adam Smith's father, a solicitor privileged to practice before the Supreme Court, held the office of judge advocate for Scotland, a position of considerable responsibility. He was also Comptroller of the Customs in his district and Private Secretary to the Scottish Minister at the UL of London.

Adam's mother was a daughter of John Douglas, a considerable landed property. She is said to have treated her only son with unlimited indulgence. 2. Development to age 17 1. Interests Being sickly as a boy, young Adam could not participate in the more active amusements.

In consequence, he developed a passion for books. At Glasgow, his favourite pursuits were mathematics and natural philosophy. His first interest in labour problems came, perhaps, from his knowledge of the Kyrkhaldi Nailerys. 2. Education Until he was 14, young Adam attended the Burr School of Kyrkhaldi,

at the time one of the best schools in Scotland. He came then under David Miller, one of the most able schoolmasters of his day. At turn, Adam began the study of Latin. From 14 to 17, he attended Glasgow College, studying Latin, Greek, Mathematics and Moral Philosophy under three eminent teachers, Alexander Dunlop, Greek, Robert Simpson, who had a European reputation,

mathematics, and Francis Hutchison, a thinker of great original power to whom Smith owed much of the bent of his ideas, political economy. At 17, Smith entered Belleville College, Oxford. 3. School Standing and Progress At Curacaldi School, he attracted attention by the extraordinary powers of his memory. At Glasgow he showed a specially marked predilection for mathematics.

As one of the best students of Glasgow College he was appointed by a vote of his professors to one of the Snell exhibitors at Balliol College. When just 17 he was matriculated at Oxford. 4. Friends and Associates Among Adam Smith's early schoolmates was John Drysdale,

a lifelong friend who became a chaplain to the King. Smith's associates were fond of him because of his unusually friendly and generous temper, and yet in company he was absent-minded and went alone in the habit of talking to himself. At Glasgow his friendship for Matthew Stewart later the distinguished professor began. Dr. Maclean, afterward embassy chaplain at The Hague, was also a valued associate.

Of all his friends, Professor Hutchison, C-22, had the greatest influence on him. 5. Reading, no record. 6. Production and achievement. In a state of the day in his 17th year, Smith wrote an abstract of Hume's treatise on human nature, which was sent to some periodical for publication. 7. Evidences of Precocity, no further record. AI IQ 135, Relicotial Data 0.43.

3. Development from 17 to 26. Smith spent six years at Oxford at a period when there were no lecturers, sciences were not taught, and tutors were negligent. However, Balliol College possessed one of the best libraries in the university. Smith read widely in many subjects and in many languages, and employed himself frequently in the practice of translation to improve his style. He scarcely enjoyed the English experience, for he was in poor health and poor spirits the greater part of the time.

He associated with the Scottish students, among whom was his friend Douglas, later a bishop, but the northern group remained somewhat aloof from the natives. There is no record of Smith's graduation, but he is called Dominus on the books, perhaps the self-sufficient evidence of his standing. From the age of 23 to 25, he engaged in study at home, and then began as a public lecturer to deliver a course on English literature, which met with considerable success. AIIQ 145, Levkoff Data 0.53 Edmund Spencer, 1552-1599, an English poet

AIIQ 135, AIIQ 145 1. Family Standing From Locashire Records, it appears that Edmund Spencer's father was John Spencer, a free journeyman in the art of clockmaking. The poet in his writings claimed kinship also with Sir John Spencer of Althrope, whose three daughters married nobility. 2. Development to age 17

1. Interests, no record 2. Education Probably between the ages of 9 and 17, Edmund attended the Merchant Taylor School, where his name appears on the records of poor scholars and where he was assisted financially by Robert Nowell. 3. School studying progress. No record. 4. Friends and associates. There is no record of any expense of schoolmates achieving distinction.

5. Reading. In the translation described below were, as is generally assumed, the poet's work at the age of 16 or 17, he must at that early age have been able to read the Italian and French originals. 6. Production and Achievement Translations from Bailey and Petrarch, later claimed by Spencer as his productions,

appeared when the youthful author was 16 or 17 in Vandernot's book, The Theatre of Woodlings, and much later in a book published under Spencer's own name. The translations are charming renderings, showing characteristics typical of the poet's letter style. 7. Evidence of Prococity, C26 AI IQ 135, Relative Coaching of Data, 0.11

3. Development from 17 to 26 Spencer was entered when he was about 17 at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, as a César, or poor scholar. During his university course, he became learned in the Italian and Greek, was well-versed in French and Italian literature, and intimate with a group of clever and brilliant men he received the b a degree at twenty-one and the ma at twenty-four but the interim was spent in the north where according to tradition his unhappy love affair with roseleine took place a i i q one forty five relevant quotient of data point four three william make peace thackeray eighteen eleven eighteen sixty three a french novelist satirist and critic a i i q one hundred thirty five a i i q one hundred and forty

One Family Standing Thackeray was descended on the paternal side from a family of English yeomen. His great-grandfather served as headmaster of Harrow School and as chaplain to the Prince of Wales. His grandfather made a fortune in the service of the East India Company. His father, a man of artistic tastes and a collector of pictures, musical instruments and fine horses,

was appointed at the age of seventeen collector at Middenapio because of his proficiency in Arabic and Persian. He was judge and magistrate at Rangire, and later secretary to the Calcutta Board of Revenue. Thackeray's mother was a member of an old civilian family of Bengal. The maternal grandfather and an uncle were writers. 2. Developmental age 17

1. Interests As early as his seventh year, Thackeray ornamented his correspondence and his books, and covered his papers with fanciful drawings. He liked to draw things he brought about more than things he saw. In his classes, in school, he spent a great part of his time drawing burlesque scenes from Shakespeare, and throughout his early years he continued to enjoy the art of caricature.

Between 13 and 15 years of age, he earned a reputation for little poems and parodies. By the age of 16, he said that certain germs of stories were budding in his mind, and that he always felt at home when writing. A school fellow described him as having an intense admiration for the beautiful. He was known, too, as wonderfully social and good-humoured.

2. Education Between 6 and 11 he attended private schools in England. Between 11 and 17 he was enrolled in the overcrowded Charterhouse School. 3. Schoolistering and Progress In his early school years, Thackeray often suffered in health and spirits,

but he progressed rapidly in spite of his weakness. At 6 he had learned geography and had begun Latin and ciphering, which he liked. At the age of 11 he stood 6 in the school, although at 26 there were only 4 younger than himself. His teacher nodded to him constantly, calling him an idle, profligate, shuffling boy. His school fellows at the charterhouse described him as very lazy in schoolwork,

and one reports that he never rose high in school or distinguished himself at play, though he had afterward a scholar-like knowledge of Latin. He had an absolute faculty of imitation, a wonderful memory, the power of acquiring. He got to love his jores, but never was a highly classical scholar. Euclidean algebra he always disliked.

4. Friends and Associates, known record 5. Reading Thackeray himself reports that he read only two novels during the term when he was 16, but about this time he read a curious book on the Inquisition, which he described as delectable. See also 2.6

6. Production and Achievement Thackeray produced many caricatures during his early years. His drawings of the child's period show considerable skill. He had a fondness for writing humorous verse, full of almost impossible rhymes. One of his early parodies, Cabbages, is described as generally witty.

Thackeray appeared in print for the first time between the ages of 13 and 15, when an Irish melody appeared in a county paper. A little later, he illustrated a borrowed copy of The Birds of Aristophanes, with three humorous watercolor drawings. 7. Evidences of Precocity. C2, 3, 5 and 6. AI IQ 135. Relative coverage of data 0.75. 3. Development from 17 to 26.

At 18th, Thackeray entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was busy with much reading, verse writing, caricaturing, and merry living. He was also a regular contributor to a college weekly, The Snob. At 19 or 20, he left college, spent several months on the continent, returned to London, studied law for some months, went to Paris, read, criticised, drew, and frequented theatres. By 22, he returned to London, where he began to contribute to The Standard, a literary and artistic periodical. Later in the same year, he became its Paris correspondent.

From 23 to 26, he studied art in Paris, but without neglecting his literary activities. Before he was 24, he had written for Fraser's magazine, and at 25, he and his stepfather lost their fortunes in a journal they'd tried to establish. Thackeray was married the same year. AII IQ 140, Relicature Data.75

Leonardo da Vinci, 1452-1519 A famous Italian painter, architect, sculptor, scientist, engineer, mechanician, and musician. AIIQ 135, AIIQ 150 1. Family Standing Leonardo's paternal ancestors for five generations were noteraries, with the possible exception of his grandfather, who may have been a vanyardist.

His father, Sir Piero da Vinci, was an active, intelligent, and enterprising man, who, from the position of poor village notary, rose to be a wealthy and much respected personage. Leonardo's mother, Caterina, was probably a simple peasant girl of the neighbourhood, although one authority claims she was of good family. The liaison of the parents was of short duration.

The boy was brought up in his father's household and probably legitimised. 2. Development to age 17 Development to age 20 is included here, as there are no dates given between the ages of 14 and 20. 1. Interests Leonardo would, no doubt, have distinguished himself in the literary world of his youth,

had he not been as unsteady as he was enthusiastic in his various pursuits. The multiplicity of his activities can best explain the smallness of his artistic output. He was interested in astronomy and tried to ascertain the motion of heavenly bodies. He intently studied natural history and botany. He loved music, the lyre being his favourite instrument.

2. Education At 14, Leonardo was received into Ferrocchio Estudio, where he had an opportunity to become familiar with all branches of art, theoretical and practical, and to meet eminent contemporaries. But the chief advantage that he received was in the beneficial stimulus to his genius conveyed

through association with the old artist. 3. School's standing on progress As little lad, Leonardo mastered mathematical theory so quickly that soon he was able to propose questions which his master himself wasn't able to resolve. Later, under the tutorship of Ferrocchio, he made such rapid progress that his master soon found that he could teach him little further.

4. Friends and Associates Leonardo was very handsome, for in him strength and symmetry of form were beautifully combined. His face was strongly expressed of his ardent mind and of the frankness and energy of his character. He was a delight of society wherever he went, an extraordinary favourite with the fair sex. He led a gay life, maintained a numerous retinue of servants and a sumptuous equipage, and

supporting his menage by the products of his own industry. 5. Reading. No specific record. 6.

Production Achievement. Leonardo studied music as a science and soon arrived at such perfection in playing the lute as to compose extemporaneous accompaniments to his own poetical effusions. In the art of forming models and designing, as well as in painting, he attained great excellence. While still a pupil of Verrocchio, he executed with such extraordinary skill the part assigned him in a picture of St. John baptising Christ,

that he greatly excelled at the parts of the picture executed by his master. 7. Evidences of Procursity Leonhard recalled as a very early memory that, when he was still in the cradle, A vulture came down to him, opened his mouth with his tail, and struck him a few times with his tail against his lips. AI IQ 135, Relive Cotient of Data.

3. Development from 1726. The earliest example of Leonardo's dead at work is a pin drawing of a Tuscan valley belonging to the year 1473, when the artist was 21. To his hand are also ascribed the delicate, intricate details of several of the pictures of the same period from his master's studio. At twenty, Leonardo had been enrolled as a master in the guild of St. Luke. At twenty-four, he left Fodokio's studio, although he had long before ceased to be an apprentice, and set up as a painter on his own account.

There is no record from this time until he was twenty-six, where the commission for the monks of St. Donato brought forth the, unfinished, adoration of the Magi. This picture gives clear evidence of the intense study and incessant labour which preceded its production, and technically it showed that the young artists had made a great advance from the somewhat narrow formulas of Verrocchio's studio pieces. AIIIQ 150 Relative Culture Data. Wilhelm Richard Wagner, 1813-1883 A German operatic composer and poet.

AIIIQ 135, AIIIQ 150 1. Family Standing Wagner's grandfather was a humble custom house official. His father, a man of superior intelligence, was a court clerk. He, because of his ability and his knowledge of French, was entrusted with the direction of the police department of Lipsig during the French occupation.

He was a lover of poetry and passionately devoted to the drama. The mother was bright and amiable, and combined practical domestic efficiency with keen intellectual animation. Her family were mill owners. 2. Development to 817. 1. Interests.

At six, Richard was impressed by a biography of Mozart, which was read aloud, and the reports of the Greek War of Independence stirred his imagination. A little later, through attendance with his actor's stepfather, he became acquainted with the theatre and the drama, and being present at the age of eight,

at performances of the Frischütz and the Jungfrau Kranz, he received an impression that developed and changed his taste in music. Although when he was nine his mother had as yet seen nothing in him to indicate any musical talent, the boy's dramatic interest was already strong. He enjoyed dressing puppets and once started to compose a chivalric drama,

but this was destroyed by the sensitive lad because his sister laughed at it. In music and drama alike, the mysterious and the uncanny appealed most, an attraction perhaps not contradicted by the fact that he was generally terror-stricken when he had to sleep apart from the family in a room that seemed peopled with ghosts. In reality, the portraits had hung on its walls.

Encouraged by her first success, Wagner, at 11, determined to be a poet, and from this time duller studies ceased to interest him, but in spite of his resolute ambition, further success was, for a time, denied him. From his twelfth year, his love for music grew stronger and stronger, but it was not until about his nineteenth year that it finally displaced literature from the first rank in his affections.

At fourteen, after visiting Lipsig, Wagner became possessed of the wish to be a university student, not from any great desire to study, but rather thus to be emancipated from school and family. His mind rapidly grew mature and independent. In the same year as his Lipsig visit, he was confirmed in the church, but already he felt that his reverence for religious observances was decreasing.

It is recorded that a year later, at 15, he discussed profound subjects with his playwright uncle. At 16, his musical education proceeded. He copied the scores of his beloved masters. He took lessons in harmony as long as he could support the pedantic method employed. He composed a few works, which were, however, culturally condemned by everyone.

And he practiced the violin for three months, although with little success. A performance by Schroeder de Vrient in Fidelio made him keen to compose a work worthy of her, but when he found he could not,

he flung himself into all kinds of youthful excesses. From his earliest years, Wagner was a merry companion, fond of rambles and adventures, and always ready about jokes and pranks. His first case of boyish love was remembered from his 14th year.

From his 6th to his 9th year, he led an unsettled life with consequent irregular schooling. 2. Education Richard's first school was in the country, near Dresden. At eight on the death of his stepfather, he went to live with his step-grandmother at Isleben,

and here he attended a local private institution. But after his grandmother's death, which shortly occurred, the boy resided with a soap boiler and his family, with whom he became popular for the stories he told, and then with his playwright uncle and lip-seek.

At nine, Richard returned to his mother in Dresden and began his five-year attendance at the Curuswood. At twelve, he took music lessons of a very mediocre description. Shortly before he was fifteen, Wagner was entered in the St. Nicholas School, Ipsich, in a class he had already finished in Dresden, with the result that he neglected his regular schoolwork. At sixteen, he secretly took lessons in harmony from an excellent musician, but found the technique too dry for his taste.

3. School Standing and Progress Wagner writes over his school days, I can hardly judge whether I had what would be called a good head for study. I think that in general what I really liked I was soon able to grasp without much effort, whereas I hardly exerted myself at all in the study of subjects that were uncongenial.

He made little effort in mathematics and paid attention to the classics only for the dramatic incidents they finished. Greek mythology and later Greek history were interesting to him. When the boy was 12, his successes in philological work and recitations attracted the attention of a young teacher who made him recite Hector's farewell from the Iliad and Hamlet's celebrated monologue. In his piano lessons, Richard attempted to play the overture to the Frasciots, acted first by ear.

His teacher said nothing would come of him and he never did learn to play the piano well, although he continued to play overtures for his own amusement without a carrying to perfect his technique. 4. Friends and Associates Wagner's teachers and fellow students are mentioned casually. Members of the family appear to have had considerable influence on his early development.

See 2, 1, 2 and 6. 5. Reading At 14, Wagner fell heir to his father's library. Apparently he was a wide reader in poetry and the drama, and his command of English was sufficient to enable him to study Shakespeare in the original.

6. Production Achievement At 8, Wagner played on the piano. A poem written when he was 11 in well-constructed and well-rhymed verses in commemoration of a schoolfellow who had died was accepted and published. Wagner began a heroic poem in hexameter verse,

but could not get through the first cantor. At 13, he translated, as a self-imposed task, the first 12 books of the Odyssey and also made a metrical translation of Romeo's monologue. At 14, living alone in a little garret, he devoted himself for three months to verse writing

and to crystallising a stupendous tragedy which was formed in his mind. This was a grandiloquent and bombastic, Little Bald und Adelaide, completed at 15, a hotchpotch of elements from various plays of Shakespeare and from Goethe's gods,

upon whose appearance even the playwright uncle joined the rest of the family in criticisms of lost time and preferred talents. However, Wagro had determined to set his work to music, although his training had been limited to listening. In spite of family disapproval, he secured a copy of Lugier's Method of Thorobass in order to acquire the necessary technique,

and he also gained congenial instruction from Hoffman's Fantastiesk look. At 16, he composed a sonora, a quartet and an aria. One composition, played by the band in Kinshi's Swiss chalet was said by an old music critic not to contain a single good note. Wagner's musical idols at this time were beat over in a Mozart. 7. Evidences of Precocity Wagner's stepfather appears to have recognized some superiority in the boy,

for he hoped to make something of him, but see 2, 1, 2, 3 and 6. AI IQ 135, Relief Coach of Data.3. 3. Development from 17 to 26 When Wagner was 17, he fell into such disgrace a score that he found it advisable to leave. Six months and another gymnasium was not productive of any good result. An overture of this period, a poor thing, received a poorer performance,

and this turned the composer's mind to the necessity of real study. At 18 he enrolled as a music student at the University of Lipschitz, but here, as in the preparatory school, gambling obsessed his mind until he determined to give up the habit entirely. Now having little taste for philosophy or aesthetics,

he concentrated on counterpoint and wrote three overtures, one of which was played at the Guadagnes, to encouraging applause. A visit to Vienna and Prague followed, and Wagner, aged 19, wrote a symphony,

which was performed successfully at Leipzig. At this time, Wagner was definitely a romanticist. He took the French and Italian schools as his models, discarding Beethoven. A romantic opera was favorably received and at 22 Wagner was appointed musical director of the

Magdeburg Theater. In the same year and in his own theater had hastily rehearsed opera Das Lebensverbot wurde der Fehler. At 23 the young composer transferred to a similar theatrical composition at Konigsberg and married a woman who although an actress was prosaic and never understood him. The next year Wagner moved to Riga and there conceded the outline to the first grand tragic opera Rindsey. By the summer of 1838 he had

finished the poem and the following spring when the Riga engagement terminated he aged 26 had already composed the first two acts. AIIQ 150 Relative Cotient Data 0.53. Karl Maria von Weber 1786 to 1826 a celebrated German composer famous as the creator of romantic opera. AIIQ 135 AIIIQ 145 1. Family Standing Various members of Weber's family, and especially

his father, were possessed by a musical demon. This father was first soldier, then a civil servant, and finally director of the Weber Company of Players, his own family, which toured Germany with more or less success and a very great hardship. Both parents belonged to the lesser nobility. 2. Developmentoid 17. 1. Interests. Weber's one absorbing interest was in music, and gradually he neglected all the other arts for this one. At 15 he first began to question

and to examine theories, and from this time onward he walked alone intellectually. 2. Education. Weber suffered from a disease of the hip bone which resulted in lameness, with the result that he could not walk until he was four years old. Before he used his legs, he was taught to sing and to play on the clavier, and before the age of six he knew how to write. His father's mania was to make of his son a mystical genius, and if possible, a second Mozart. But the

frail child shrank almost in disgust from the frequent experiments tried upon him. Orchestra and stage were familiar to the boy before he had learned to read. Before he was At nine, he was instructed in oil, miniature, and pastel painting and engraving. In all the arts he exhibited ability, but genius in none. He was expected by his father to begin with complete productions, yet in no case was he taught the elements of the subject.

Gradually, music supplanted the other arts and became the boy's one subject to study, as it was his chief interest. At nine, Weber was instructed in piano playing, and in thoroughbast by the meningen or strut director, whose interest had been attracted by the boy's performance. And now for the first time he received serious instruction in which fundamentals were emphasised. At ten Weber was placed in the Atribiscopal Institute for Young Orchesters

where he was instructed by the aged Michael Hayden who was so drawn to the boy that he gave him musical instruction without remuneration. From this teaching of Weber the boy got little profit for Hayden's strict dry method cramped his powers. At twelve, young Weber was taken to Munich by his father to learn there the operatic and dramatic arts.

He studied singing with Felizzi, who was considered the greatest singing teacher of all time, and music with Calcio, afterward the Munich court organist. Still hoping to produce a genius and intending to print his son's future masterpieces himself, the older Weber associated himself with a little graver and required Karl Maria to learn the printing art. but the son returned to music the same year.

At 16 he received instruction in Vienna from a skillful master who insisted on his acquiring the fundamental technique and on his learning to know the masterworks of the past. 3. School standing on progress In Munich at 12, Weber's rich imagination and burning talent

daily astonished his teacher. He soon excited the envy of his oldest fellow pupils not only as a piano executor but as a singer. 4. Friends and associates Weber's weapon of vivacity made him, from his infancy, a great favourite with all his associates.

The most distinguished musicians liked him and headed his progress. Various Kappelmeisters were his affectionate patrons, and the poet Voss became his friend when the young musician was not more than 16. 5. Reading, no record. 6. Production and achievement.

When he was 11, Weber published his first compositions, Six Short Fugues, approved by his teacher, Michael Hayden, and mentioned favourably by Ruchlitz, the great musical critic of the day. At 12 he had written an opera, The Power of Love and Wine, but neither for this nor for a number of other pieces with which his father wished to astonish the world could have published or be

found. A fire which destroyed all of his early compositions was accepted by the young composer as an omen that he was to give up music. But the favourable criticism by Ruchlitz of his next composition and the unfavourable criticism of his new art, lithography, led him to reverse his decision. The Carlsbad theatre manager became interested in young Weber and entrusted to him the opera

book he had written, which the musician, aged 13, set to music the following year. This work, whose second act had been composed in 10 days, was produced successfully in a number of cities, was played 14 nights in Vienna, translated into Bohemian for Prague, and presented also in Petersburg. At 15, Weber composed a little two-act comic opera, which was praised by crusty old Michael Hayden.

A number of compositions were returned by the publishers to whom they were offered, but six little duets, which had since been declared by music critics to be the equal of any of his latter piano compositions, were published. At 16, Carl Mario wrote his first reel, Laid, and this was followed by many charming songs whose words were supplied by Voss. Before he was 17, Weber had written his second opera. As an executive artist, the youthful Weber made brilliant progress.

At 13, he played in concerts in many cities with signal success. And at 15, was well received in the cities of North Germany, which he visited with his father. 7. Evidences of Precursity The older Weber wished to make a prodigy of his son at any cost. The extent to which he succeeded has already been told.

See 2, 2, 3 and 6. AI IQ 135 relative cost of data point six zero three development from seventeen and twenty six at seventeen Weber was a popular singer of gay songs in Vienna nearly a year later at seventeen and three-fourths he was appointed conductor of the Breslau orchestra where in spite of the distrust and opposition of many of the musicians of the town the depths which he rapidly incurred and the costs of supporting his father he gradually climbed the artistic ladder by his brilliant improvisions and some trifles in composition shortly after this weber accidentally drank some acid and was for months seriously ill On his recovery, he resigned his conductorship and became, first, musical director to Duke Eugen of Württemberg, a letter secretary to his brother, Duke Ludwig. While holding this letter post, Weber offended the king and so spent a short time in prison.

It was in prison at 20 that he composed the song, Einstetter Kampf ist unser Leben. After his release, he found friendly associates in Danneker, the sculptor, Matheson, the poet, Sibowa, the violinist and composer, and Danzi, the conductor.

But again, he got it adept. The situation was rendered worse by the embellishment of ducal funds by his own father, and at length, the king banished both father and son. Stricken with remorse, the young musician decided to devote his life to art. He studied with young Mayabir, and began again to compose.

A successful tour followed, in the course of which composition continued. His work showed increasing independence of thought and individuality. At 25, Weber was honoured by the court at Weimer, but was snout by Goethe, who, however, gave him a better reception seven months later. During the same year, many works of merit, including the great Pienforte Concerto in E-flat, were published.

AIIIQ 145. Relief Coast Update at 0.53. John Wesley, 1703-1791 An English clergyman, son of Samuel Wesley, famous as the founder of Methodism. AIOQ 135, AIOQ 140 1. Family Sturning

Wesley's father, the earnest and labourist rector of Epworth, was a graduate of Oxford and a busy writer. A number of his ancestors, men noted for learning and conspicuous for pity, were religious ministers, who had been rejected in consequence of the act of uniformity. The mother was a remarkable woman of stern, petty and rare judgment, with a mind both clear and strong.

His father was an Oxford man, also an injector minister. 2. Development weight 17 1. Interests Wesley early showed a train of deliberation and pertinacity in his character. He would never do anything until he had considered it well.

At school he preserved his health by running around the charterhouse garden three times every morning. The master encouraged his propensity for telling stories to the other children, since it attracted them from the playground. 2. Education The Wesley children were carefully and somewhat severely trained by their mother. Formal education began at the age of five.

The training had been given at regular times for six hours each day. The boys learned their letters on the first day, then proceeded to spelling and so to reading, first a line, then a verse, and no lesson was left off until it was perfect. The whole day's task was repeated once or twice during the day, and thus the children made remarkable progress.

From the age of 11 to 17, Wesley attended the Childhouse School and laid there a solid foundation of scholarship. 3. School Standing on Progress Under their mother's tuition, Wesley, aged 5 to 11, and his brothers and sisters made rapid progress.

At Childhouse, John's quietness, regularity, and industry made him a favourite with his teachers. At 16 he is reported by his elder brother Samuel, a brave boy, learning Hebrew as fast as he can. 4. Friends and Associates In early childhood, because of the undesirable neighbourhood in which they lived,

the Wesleys were restricted to association with members of their own family. No specific account is given of schoolboy friendships. 5. Reading. No record. 6. Production and Achievement. No record. 7. Evidences of Prococity

Wesley and his brother learned the alphabet in one day at the age of five, while two of the sisters required a day and a half. Eight years of age gravenced the date of strong individuality and high spirit, always wanting to know the reason for everything. He was so far beyond his years that his father admitted him to the commune. AI IQ 135 Relative Cotion of Dana 0.60

3. Development from 17 to 26 At seventeen, Wesley passed from Charterhouse to Christ Church, Oxford, where he became distinguished for his scholarship. It was written by a contemporary that he was the very sensible and acute collagen, baffling every man by the subtleties of logic and laughing at them for being so easily routed, a young fellow of the finest classical taste, and most manly and lindable sentiments.

Gained and sprightly with a turn for wit and humour. He was ordained deacon at twenty-two, from twenty-three to twenty-six, who was a fellow at Lincoln College and during the year at Oxford, worked according to a regular program. His studies embracing classics, logic and ethics, Hebrew and Arabic, metaphysics and natural philosophy, oratory, poetry, divinity and French.

In a letter written about this time, Wesley said, Leisure and I take leave of one another. I propose to be busy as long as I live, and my health so long indulged me. From 24 to 26 he returned home and entered as curate to his father, who was in failing health. At 25 he was ordained priest, and at 26 he returned to Lincoln College to resume his studies and to give lectures on divinity.

AII IQ 140 Relief Cultural Data .60 End of section 23